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Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome still under research, leading to rapid onset Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or tics in children and adolescents.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://sphhp.buffalo.edu/rs/ot/ms/PANS%20Page.php )〕 It may be either connected to Group A streptococcal infections (PANDAS sub-group)〔 or caused by immunologic reactions〔Katherine E. Muir, et al.: "A Case Report of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Following Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis". Published online August 5, 2013 (doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-2876)〕 to other pathogens (PITANDS sub-group)〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders A New Frontier for Occupational Therapy Intervention )〕 affecting the basal ganglia.〔N. Müller et al.: Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and Tourette’s syndrome. In: Psychiatry Res., 2004 Dec 15, 129(2)〕〔Souhel Najjar, Daniel M Pearlman, Kenneth Alper, et al.: "Neuroinflammation and psychiatric illness". Journal of Neuroinflammation 2013, 10:43 doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-43〕 This portion of the brain is responsible for mediating cognition, emotion, and movement. Research into the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder has identified dysfunctions of the basal ganglia as a key factor for the onset of OCD. A similar syndrome in adults is known as ''Post-inflammatory Brain Syndrome'' (PIBS).〔Alasdair Timothy Llewelyn Rathbone et al.: A review of the neuro- and systemic inflammatory responses in post concussion symptoms: Introduction of the ‘‘post-inflammatory brain syndrome’’ PIBS. In: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 46 (2015) 1–16〕 ==Signs and symptoms== According to Swedo, Leckman and Rose (2012, ''Pediatrics & Therapeutics''), the criteria defining PANS will "undergo modifications and refinement as additional clinical and research experience is accrued". The proposed criteria claims that children can be distinguished from traditional childhood onset OCD by the severity, abruptness and dramatic onset of symptoms.〔 According to Swedo, Leckman and Rose (2012), pediatric patients suffering from PANS would be identified by the following criteria: # Abrupt, dramatic onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder or severely restricted food intake # Concurrent presence of additional neuropsychiatric symptoms, with similarly severe and acute onset, from at least two of the following seven categories ## Anxiety ## Emotional lability and/or depression ## Irritability, aggression and/or severely oppositional behaviors ## Behavioral (developmental) regression ## Deterioration in school performance ## Sensory or motor abnormalities (e.g. dysgraphia or deterioration of handwriting) ## Somatic signs and symptoms, including sleep disturbances, enuresis or urinary frequency # Symptoms are not better explained by a known neurologic or medical disorder, such as Sydenham's chorea, systemic lupus erythematosus, Tourette disorder or others.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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